Note that if we had taken these points the other way around, with \((x_1,y_1)=(3,-7)\) and \((x_2,y_2)=(-1,5)\), the formula would have given the same gradient.
Example 2 (non-calculator)
Find the gradient of the straight line joining \((2,-5)\) and \((-2,-11)\).
Let \((x_1,y_1)=(2,-5)\) and \((x_2,y_2)=(-2,-11)\). Then substitute into the gradient formula:
Gradients that work out to be fractions should be left as fractions, not converted to decimals. Improper fractions should be left that way, not converted to mixed numbers. This is especially important when working within the straight line topic, where the working to find the equation of a straight line needs the gradient to be either a proper or improper fraction.
Example 3 (non-calculator)
Determine the gradient of the straight line joining \((1,4)\) and \((-6,4)\).
Let \((x_1,y_1)=(1,4)\) and \((x_2,y_2)=(-6,4)\). Then substitute into the gradient formula:
The vertices of a quadrilateral ABCD are A\((-2,5)\small,\)B\((1,-7)\small,\)C\((5,-2)\small,\) and D\((7,-10)\small.\) Prove that AB is parallel to CD.
AB and CD are parallel if \(m_{\textsf{AB}}=m_{\textsf{CD}}\small.\) So we need to find each gradient and show that they are equal.
Click here to study the gradient notes on National5.com.
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